General understanding of tropical maize is one of the key approaches required for improvement of tropical maize in ssa. The field experiment was conducted during kharif 20 at the agronomy farm, college of agriculture, kolhapur on sandy clay loam soil with different row ratio of maizecowpea fodders under sole and intercropping systems for getting higher fodder yield. The endophytic fungus was isolated from the leaves of drought stressed withenia somnifera and was identified as aspergillus awamori wl1 through its. It is designed to senre as a basic reference document for. Abstract maize crop zea mays is facing lots of problems from different pests throughout. This research is an attempt to analyse the economics of maize zea mays l. The infection causes leaf chlorosis and stimulates the plant to produce nutrientrich niches i. While in western countries maize production is highly mechanized, in many. Classification for kingdom plantae down to species zea mays l. Previous studies have recorded high accumulation of soluble sugars and starch within these tumors. Zea mays corn this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Maize is not only a major cereal crop in the present day world but it.
We aimed to test whether differences in the structure of bulk soil microbial communities, within a given soil type, would carry. Zea mays in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Transplanted maize zea mays for grain production in southern england. Pdf global maize production, utilization, and consumption. Transplanted maize zea mays for grain production in.
K department of botany, open university of sri lanka, nawala, nugegoda, sri lanka abstract maize or corn zea mays l. Identification of quantitative trait loci controlling. Maize planting in most third world countries involves placing 23 seeds per hill, with hills being roughly 30 cm apart. Characterization of biosynthetic pathways for the production. The result further revealed that on every naira invested in maize production, respondents were able to make n1.
This document provides an overview of baseline biological information relevant to risk assessment of genetically modified forms of the species that may be released into the. Phenology, growth and biomass yield response of maize. Integrated nutrient management in maize zea mays l. Maize zea mays, called corn in some regions of the world, is a grass of tropical origin. Influence of different methods of fertilizer application on. By exploiting the variation of herbivoreinduced volatiles among 26 maize zea mays inbred lines, we conducted a nested association mapping and genomewide association study gwas1 to identify a set of quantitative trait loci qtls for investigating the pathways of volatile terpene production. Commercial dent maize cultivars are single, or doublecross hybrids bred for special areas, soils and climatic conditions. Effect of various herbicides and manual control on yield, yield. A study on the impacts of corn cultivation zea mays l. However, its production is hampered by the availability of land, soil type, and rainfall. Sixty samples were collected at the rate of four samples per village and three villages per agroecological zone.
Effects of planting date, transplant age at planting and cultivar on growth, development and harvest index volume 128 issue 1 a. This plant may be known by one or more common names in. Optimization of doubled haploid production in maize zea mays l. It still grows in the wild as an annual in mexico and guatemala. The crop is being cultivated in the rainforest and derived savannah of nigeria, weeds an annual production of about 5. Maize is zea by many varieties, some literature in literature little as 70 days, others needing up to 9 months to reach maturity. Mays maize jt00147699 document complet disponible sur olis dans son format dorigine complete document available on olis in its original format envjmmono200311 unclassified english or. Maize or corn zea mays is a plant belonging to the family of grasses. Maize zea mays l is one of the most versatile emerging crops having wider adaptability under varied agroclimatic conditions. Effect of climate change on maize zea mays production and food security in swaziland article pdf available january 2011 with 9,326 reads how we measure reads.
Zea, genus of five species of large grasses of the family poaceae, native to mexico and mesoamerica. Indole3acetic acid iaa plays an important role in plant microbe interactions. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. Maize is also recognized by different synonyms such as zea, corn, silk corn etc. Jul 06, 2011 zea mays, commonly known as maize or corn, is a plant organism of paramount importance as a food crop, biofuel production platform and a model for studying plant genetics. The research entitled effect of herbicides on yield and yield components of maize zea mays hybrids was carried out at the new developmental farm 34. Zea mays maize and zea diploperennis, which is a perennial type of teosinte. The bestknown species is corn, or maize zea mays mays, which was derived from one of the mexican teosintes likely z. Mar 21, 2015 it has frequently been shown that plants interact with soils to shape rhizosphere microbiomes. Current study explored the role of indole3acetic acid iaa as a signalling molecule for chemical dialogue between endophytic fungus and host plant roots.
Pests and diseases of maize zea mays pests which are found in the cultivation of sweet corn borer, among others, cob borers, grasshop. About the classification report about the classification download. Seeking the best method of fertilizer application on maize zea mays l. Zea mays, commonly known as maize or corn, is a plant organism of paramount importance as a food crop, biofuel production platform and a model for studying plant genetics. The demand is constantly increasing for food, fuel, and feed, and corn is a common crop grown both in the us and globally that is often used to meet. Analysis of the genitor origin of an intergeneric hybrid clone between zea and tripsacum for forage production by mcgish xu yan1,2, yingzheng li1.
Family poaceae on the properties of soil perera, k. The production of the graphs was assisted by two of the plant genome research outreach programs high school interns, sara shapleigh and david drew. The annual teosinte variety called zea mays mexicana is the closest botanical relative to maize. Maize production, economic analysis, peasant farmers. Pdf status and production technology of maize researchgate. Pdf maize zea mays, also called corn, is believed to have originated in central mexico 7000 years ago from a wild grass, and native americans. The endophytic fungus was isolated from the leaves of drought stressed withenia somnifera and was identified as aspergillus awamori wl1 through its region of. Nov 20, 2018 indole3acetic acid iaa plays an important role in plant microbe interactions.
Archeological and molecular data indicates that modern maize was domesticated from annual balsas teosinte zea mays ssp. Most of the maize grain produced is used as animal feed, but in some. Standardization of crop yield estimation methods at various levels of farming helps. For the total world production it is estimated that maize is grown on about 118 million hectares of which 19 million hectares are estimated to be cultivated in africa.
For many years, the relationships within genus zea were the subject of much. In maize production, pgpb can limit the effect of poor soil through siderophore activities and nitrogen fixation. It is also affected by fall armyworm, maize stalk borer, leaf spot, and leaf blight diseases. It is mainly used as a food source and now has become the most important raw material for animal feed pimentel and patzek, 2005. It originated from a cross between teosinte and a now extinct closely related grass or is a cross between wild teosinte and a cultivated form of teosinte. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. The experiment was conducted in the summer 2012 and was repeated in 20 on the same. The basidiomycete ustilago maydis causes smut disease in maize zea mays by infecting all plant aerial tissues. Multistage random sampling technique was employed to select two hundred and twenty maize producing farmers for the study. Pdf on jan 1, 2012, sanjeev kumar and others published status and. It has frequently been shown that plants interact with soils to shape rhizosphere microbiomes. Pdf bacterial consortium for improved maize zea mays l. Introduction corn, commonly known as maize zea mays l. Land suitability evaluation for maize zea mays production in selected sites of the midbenue valley, nigeria received 5 february, 2016 revised 10 march, 2016 accepted 14 march, 2016 published 22 march, 2016 abagyeh s.
Inoculation of zea mays grains with strain sar significantly affected seed germination, root elongation, seed vigor index as well as fresh and dry biomasses. Maize accounts for 31% of the world production of cereals occupying almost onefifth of the worldwide land dedicated for cereal production 2. There are two major species of the genus zea out of six total. Maize production system book indian institute of maize research. In nigeria, weeds crop is known and called by different vernacular names depending on locality obi. Exact figures on area cultivated for maize in africa are not available because. Thomas lubberstedt, comajor professor candice gardner, comajor professor. Sugar partitioning between ustilago maydis and its host zea. The present document is a companion document to dir9408 and is intended to provide background information on the biology of zea mays l.
Exact figures on area cultivated for maize in africa are not available because of lack of reliable statistical enumeration and also. Economic analysis, maize production, maize farmers. Our study aims to characterize plant growth promoting rhizobacteria pgpr isolated from maize roots in five agroecological zones of central and northern benin. Analysis of the genitor origin of an intergeneric hybrid. May 31, 2015 pests and diseases of maize zea mays pests which are found in the cultivation of sweet corn borer, among others, cob borers, grasshop. Pdf the everincreasing human population is a major concern for food security. Scientist believe that teosinte was one of the parents of a hybrid from which zea mays developed. More ever in irrigated areas farmers produce the income equal to the cash crops such as sugarcane, onion, cotton, etc. Studies have shown that that about 85% of maize farmers in western kenya plant local.
It comes after wheat and rice in terms of world importance. The genus zea includes the wild taxa, known collectively as teosinte zea ssp. The following graphs were produced using data from faostat agricultural data. Department of agronomy, faculty of crop production sciences, the university of agriculture, peshawar, pakistan corresponding author. An economics training manual, completely revised edition. Impacts of bulk soil microbial community structure on. Successful maize production depends on the correct application of production inputs that will sustain the environment as well as agricultural production. Bacterial consortium for improved maize zea mays l. Land suitability evaluation for maize zea mays production. Optimization of doubled haploid production in maize zea. Most of the maize production in the usa is concentrated in the us corn belt, the larg est area in.